ICD-10 Code C49.A1 – Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Esophagus (2026): Diagnosis, Symptoms & Billing Guide
2026 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code C49.A1 – Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of esophagus
What it is
This code identifies a gastrointestinal stromal tumor arising in the esophagus. Use it for a documented esophageal GIST, a rare mesenchymal tumor that is distinct from common esophageal cancers.
Clinical signs
Clinical features vary; refer to documentation. Patients may have dysphagia, chest discomfort, or upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but imaging, endoscopy, or pathology should confirm the esophageal origin.
When to use this code
Use C49.A1 when the provider documents a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the esophagus, including biopsy-confirmed or surgically resected disease. Apply it when the lesion is specifically located in the esophagus, not the stomach or other GI site.
If the record only says “GIST” without an anatomic site, check documentation before coding. You should also verify whether the tumor is primary esophageal disease versus metastatic involvement from another location.
Do not use for
Do not use this code for esophageal carcinoma, leiomyoma, or nonspecific esophageal mass. Check documentation if the site is not clearly the esophagus or if the diagnosis is only suspected.
Coding tip
Confirm both the histology and the exact esophageal site in the pathology or operative note before assigning C49.A1.